The history · late 4th century · Jerome

Jerome ranks virginity above marriage

Jerome, the Vulgate's translator, argues strongly for the superiority of virginity and sometimes speaks of marriage mainly for its role in producing future virgins.

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  • I praise wedlock, I praise marriage, but it is because they give me virgins.

    Jerome, Letter 22 (to Eustochium) · §20 (NPNF translation)

    Jerome's own summary of his scale of values.

  • Jerome, Adversus Jovinianum · book I (PL 23)

    Summarized rather than quoted: the treatise defends virginity's superiority so hard that friends withdrew it from circulation; second marriages are treated as barely tolerable, and the patriarchs' households as an embarrassment to be explained.

Put it in context

Jovinian had argued that married and virgin believers stand equal in honor. Jerome's answer was so severe that his own allies thought it disparaged marriage outright.

This ascetic climate is part of the setting in which Western marriage commentary developed. Jerome also produced the Latin Bible through which the West would read Exodus 21:10, although the document cannot tell us whether his ascetic commitments caused any particular translation choice.

What is disputed

Whether Jerome's ascetic commitments shaped his rendering of particular passages is an inference about motive, and this site does not assert it. What can be shown is what he translated and what the Latin West inherited from it.

How I read this record

This is my conclusion from the source, not part of the quotation.

Jerome's work shows how strongly the ideal of virginity shaped influential Western reflection on marriage. That background helps explain the questions later commentators asked, while leaving the meaning of any biblical passage to be tested on its own.

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